Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Social Cognition

Questions: Tasks 1a) Summarise the meaning of Personal Responsibility and develop a set of responsibilities and performance objectives for Harrods employees. 1b) Explain the steps which Harrods can use to evaluate own effectiveness against defined objectives. 1c) Based on the methods and techniques used by Harrods towards their employees, make recommendations for improvements on how they can help develop the skills of their employees. 1d) Review and select a motivational theory which you believe can help improve an employees quality of performance. 2a) Identify procedure for developing ideal solutions to work-based problems for Harrods. 2b) Analyse a variety of ways which communication can take place at Harrods. Identify barriers to effective communication and how to overcome these barriers. 2c) Identify Time management strategies and explain which you believe to be the most effective for Harrods to use. 2d) Suggest alternative ways for Harrods to complete tasks and achieve team. 4a) Evaluate the effectiveness of SWOT analysis and Brainstorming in developing solutions to problems in Harrods. 4b) Develop appropriate strategies to resolving particular problems within business organisations. Please evaluate the potential impact from the implementation of your chosen strategy in Harrods. Answer: Introduction Harrods is a reputed brand in the market for British, services, luxury, sensation and innovation. They have realized that employees plays an important role in creating the brand value for the organization and hence the survey was conducted to see the employee engagement and the motivation levels of the employees and after that the managers created strategic plans to improve the employee engagement and trust within the systems. 1a) Personal Responsibility Personal responsibility stands for the accountability or the ownership of owns work and taking the responsibility of the work one is doing and not blaming other for it in case something goes wrong. In case of Harrods, it has been observed that there are few benefits of taking personal responsibility like it makes relationships healthier, the people who take more personal responsibility are more social in nature. The research shows that the management of Harrods builds the trust for an employee within the organization. People can depend on each other, be more trusted and respected. Personal accountability also saves the money and time, people who takes the responsibility speaks up and looks solution to the problems (Eshleman, 2009). 1b) Responsibility and performance objectives Keeping customer as a priority is one of the responsibility and performance goal of Harrods. In the organization of Harrods, the employees are the ones who interact with the customers and they create the brand value. Hence, these objectives will help in building a better brand. More efficient and error free operations of work should be another objective in which each task should be delivered by the employees smoothly without any disruption and error(Woolfolk, Doris, Brianna, John,2008) The employees within the organization of Harrods are also honest and at the same time authentic enough to share their information. The employees within the organization who have been working hard and in a diligent manner have been provided more incentives and the discount facilities. Evaluation of effectiveness of objectives Evaluation of performance is another important task Harrods. The employees within the organization not only set the designs and the goals but at the same time also make the proper evaluation of the goals. Without evaluation of performance, the direction of a job is lot and more time and cost is spent. The management of the organization has engaged themselves in making the proper evaluation of the present and the future forecasts. The steps can be used to measure the effectiveness of objectives: Introduction to program evaluation: The Company introduces the system of evaluation within the organization and with its employees. This is done so that all the employees can be able to understand the process in a proper way. Designing and conducting evaluation: The evaluation design made in the form of questionnaire or subjective paper and the evaluation should be conducted on the same (Zaffron, Logan, David, 2009). Using logic models: There are various logic models available as tool to evaluate objectives and one of it should be used to evaluate the same (Sandberg, 2004). Using evaluation method: Evaluation method is very important because based on this only the correct result will be out, hence choosing the right evaluation method is very crucial. Funding evaluation efforts: Cost is involved in terms of human resources and logistics, which will be required to conduct the process of evaluation and the company, should incur the right cost on the same. 1c) Developing employees skills Having good employees, skills are very important in business world to beat the competition and grow the business. Those organization who have employees with better skills are more competitive and profitable because its employees only who are working to achieve the organizational objective. Within the organization of Harrods, it can be analyzed that the benefits of the better skills are better margins, better customer satisfaction, fewer accidents and grievances, increased loyalty, increased productivity, ability to grow, better sales performance, competitive edge, less errors and defects, improved morale etc. Ways to increase employees skills are given below: Training: The management of Harrods has been successful enough in providing the proepr training facilities to the employees. This occurs based on the joint training, orientation or classroom training. Internet based training is another important tool (Nielsen, 2013). Self- directed learning: In case of Harrods, it has been observed that the management of the organization have been utilized their available resources and provides the training facilities with the help of the learning systems. Employee Promotion: Harrods gives promotion to the employees and gives them more responsibility in order to increase their skills. It also provides support through training, rewarding good performance and retaining valued employees (Swiss, 2005). Job enrichment: The research studies show that within the organization, every employee works as a team in order to achieve the better results. Lateral moves: The management of Harrods gives different positions, pay and responsibility offers new challenge, which ultimately encourages the staff members to develop new skills. New roles offers new responsibility and challenges that helps an employee learn new things. 1d) Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow develops a theory of motivation, which is known as Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. He proposed this theory in 1940Maslow believed that there are different stages of life that people moved through and have five needs that motivate their behavior. He called these needsphysiological, love, safety and esteem, social and self-actualization. (Neely, Adams, Kennerley, 2002) Physiological needs:It represents the basic survival needs such as clothes, food, shelter and sexual satisfaction. Safety needs: These needs refer to the physical safety within your environment. Social Needs:It talks about companionship, which includes the need for love, friendship and belonging (Kaplan, 2001). Esteem needs: This category encompasses the need for recognition, status and self-respect and the things that make a person feel better. Self-actualization: This category is about achieving your potential, excelling in your life and personal achievement. The advantage of this theory is that it provides a summary of human needs and helps to focus on a specific need shared by the target audience whereas the disadvantage of this theory is that it is cultural bound and lacks empirical support for the rank ordering of the needs (Boris, Kopczynski, 2013). 2A) Solution to work based problems Work based issue are very common these days that may arises due to culture, hieratical structure, top management, policies and other factors. Therefore, to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization as a whole the management of Harrods has undertaken some of the steps so that the employees can be motivated in every sphere Transparent communication: Transparent communication is mandatory and it is everyones concerns. In many cases, it has been observed that the employees within the organization are free to discuss any kind of problems with the managerial heads. . The leader should facilitate open communication and the build trust within the team (Upadhaya, Munir, Blount, 2014). Open-minded People: The people are open-minded and adapted some of the strategies in order to cope up with the culture of the organization. They need to understand the new policies and culture. Their mind should be open for change and bringing in new environment and change as per the new business environment. Those organizations, which are rigid, are less likely to grow. A solid foundation strategy: The foundation of the company is strong and is more culturally oriented and open toward new business environment. They have good management and enhancing employee policies, which brings motivation and efficiency in the system (Morgenstern, 2004). 2b) Types of communication There are four types of communication that takes place within Harrods and are given below. As per the need and the type of stakeholder, the right form of communication can be chosen (Patrick, Bruce, 2000). Internal and external communication Oral and written communication Formal and informal communication Verbal and non- verbal communication. Barriers of communication: There common barriers of communication are mentioned below: Use of Jargon or complicated terminology. Emotional taboos and barriers where people feel it is difficult to express their feelings. Difference in viewpoint and the perception. Physical disability such as speech difficulty and hearing problems Physical barrier for non- verbal communication, unable to understand gestures, body language, non- verbal cues (Derek, Laura, Stephen, 2004). Language difficulty and difference to understand the unfamiliar accent. Cultural differences where one person is from another country and the other is from another country. Measures to overcome the communication barrier Clarity of ideas: The communicators should have clear idea that what they are communicating with each other. They should clearly know the agendas and the outcome for the communication they are doing. Understand the need of receiver: Both the parties should know what is the need of the receiver, what he or she is looking for and which mode of communication will be suitable for the receiver and accordingly plan the communication. Be aware of content and language of message: Parties should know that which language will be suitable for each other to communicate so that the message sent is clear and the content is as per the agenda and goal of the communication. Other measures that can be effectively used are consistency of message, proper feedback, follow-up of communication, consultation with other before communicating, Convey things which are helpful and have values for the receiver and be a good listener (William, Kazanas, 2004). 2c) Time management strategies Time management is most important factor for any organization and using time effectively increases the efficiency and achieving targets. Few of the strategies are given below: Set Priorities: The organization of Harrods has undertaken some of the strategies where Person have the list and should know what are more important. Everyone should set the priorities and should work towards achieving those. (Hill, Westbrook, 2010). Use a planning tool: There are various planning tools available online as well on mobile, which helps in planning the tasks The organization uses these types of tools, which help in recording the information, jot down all the important points, and it helps in keeping the priorities set. Delegate: Delegation is a principle of management, which the organization follows in which one can get helps from the other person by assigning it to the subordinate or peers. This is how the work is divided between the team and everyone has a set of target and responsibility. Manage external time wasters: There are various factors that waste time within our day schedule. One should void those factors and remain focused on what the days priorities are. Avoid multi-tasking: Doing number of things at one time is not a good idea rather working on one task at one time and completing them accordingly saves the time as well as brings the efficiency in the work. For Harrodss all the above mentioned time saving strategies are important , they should imbibe that in the culture of the organization and everyone should follow it effectively. 2d) All the companies are working towards achieving the organizational objectives and earn profit but to achieve these objectives that should have a good team and should be able to achieve the targets they have set for the tasks. They should be able to meet the production targets or the selling targets. In order to achieve the same they should have clear set of objectives in the organization, they should evaluate their objectives and set priorities to complete the tasks. 3a) Dynamics Of Working With Others Morgenstern (2004) commented on the essential fact that working in a team is like sharing a common goal with the other teammates. Each organization has both informal and formal groups where managers encourage in effective building of team. The groups are so made that focuses towards accomplishment of the common goals and corporate goals. It is the responsibility of the team manager and the teammates of Harrods to initially identify the purpose of the entire team that is aligned with the missions, objectives and goals of the organization. The team agenda need to be clarified so that it can be measurable according to the resources of the team members. As per commented strategically by Barnlund (2008) the companies need to operate as per the objectives along with the priorities that are set up in the team. While making the changes, the team of Harrods also needs to focus on the unbiased, transparent as well as timely changes that will well align with the organizational missions and objectives. The manager of Harrods needs to communicate well with each individual of the team for a successful change and therefore focuses towards the consolidated improvements. In addition to this the organizational structure as well as design is so made that helps in achieving certain goals as well as focuses towards the allotment of responsibilities to the individual team members. From the viewpoint and outlook of Fifer (2010), the better will be the flexibility within the organization the better will be the working environment as well as group task. The group focuses towards the successful accomplishment of the work. 4a) SWOT analysis and brainstorming Swot analysis and brainstorming will help Harrods in understanding their business more deeply. They will be able to understand the current situation of the company as well as will be able to generate good new idea, which will help in the expansion. Both are discussed in detail below: SWOT analysis refers to the strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. It helps in studying the business environment, which is related to the strengths and weaknesses of the business and helps in understanding the opportunities and threats for the business (Barnlund, 2008). With the help of this, the management of Harrods brings the efficiency in the business by helping in understanding the complex business without using money and outside consultants. It also helps in understanding the business of Harrods in a better way, weaknesses can be addressed easily, opportunities can be capitalized on time, knowing the threats and taking the advantages of the strengths, it helps in making the business goals and the strategies that helps in achieving these goals (Koch, 2000). Brainstorming refers to the process to generate the solutions and creative ideas through intensive and free group discussion. Everyone in Harrods is free to participate and share his or her ideas aloud. They are free to make the proper analysis, discuss or criticize the ideas and in the end, they can evaluate the same. It helps in generating a lot of idea at one point of time, it is very much easy to teach and learn, it comparatively easy to prepare and moderate, a lot of material is not required a simple pen and paper helps, idea formation collectively and it saves a lot of time (Fifer, 2010). 4b) Problem solving strategies It is important to resolve the issues in the organization, if some problem arises the detailed analysis should be done and the problem should be overcome rather than sitting on the problem and looking for the solution to come. The steps to resolve the problems are given below: (Robbins, Judge, Millett, Boyle, 2011). Identify the issue Look for the root cause Brainstorming the solutions Select the right solution Apply and evaluate the impact of the solution Harrodss will use the above method or strategy to solve the problem arising in the organization. The impact will be the issues will be tackled one by one and can be solve in a better way (Barnlund, 2008). Conclusion: As per the case study the company, Harrods is a growing organization and in order to meet the current business needs which will help them grow and be more focused towards achieving organizational objectives. They should use techniques like SWOT analysis, brainstorming, and motivation theory of Maslow, Plan their work I a better way should have time-management-skill training programs and should work on building an effective communication channel for the organization. References Eshleman, Andrew(2009)."moral responsibility". InZalta, Edward N.Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.Many have held that one distinct feature of persons is theirstatus[emphasis added] as morally responsible agents. Woolfolk, Robert L., Doris, John M., and Brianna, John M. "Identification, Situational Constraint, and Social Cognition: Studies in the Attribution of Moral Responsibility". InExperimental Philosophy. Knobe, Joshua, and Nichols, Shaun eds. (2008). New York: Oxford University Press. pp.6180. Zaffron, Logan, Steve, David (Feb 2009).Performance Management: The Three Laws of Performance: Rewriting the Future of Your Organization and Your Life(1st ed.). Nielsen, Poul A. 2013. Performance Management, Managerial Authority, and Public Service Performance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. Published electronically on June 2. doi:10.1093/jopart/mut025. Swiss, James E. 2005. A framework for assessing incentives in results-based management. Public Administration Review 65:592602. Upadhaya, B., Munir, R., Blount, Y. (2014). Association between Performance Measurement Systems and Organisational Effectiveness. International Journal of Operations Production Management, 34(7), 2-2. Neely, A.D., Adams, C. and Kennerley, M. (2002), The Performance Prism: The Scorecard for Measuring and Managing Stakeholder Relationships, Financial Times/Prentice Hall, London. Kaplan, R. S. (2001). Strategic Performance Measurement and Management in Nonprofit Organizations. Nonprofit Management Leadership, 11(3), 354. Boris, E. T., Kopczynski Winkler, M. (2013). The Emergence of Performance Measurement as a Complement to Evaluation Among U.S. Foundations. New Directions For Evaluation, 2013(137), 69-80. Patrick J. Montana and Bruce H. Charnov (2000). "Training and Development".Management. Barron's Educational Series. p.225. Derek Torrington, Laura Hall, and Stephen Taylor (2004).Human Resource Management. Pearson Education. p.363. William J. Rothwell and H. C. Kazanas (2004).The Strategic Development of Talent. Human Resource Development Press. p.4. William J. Rothwell (2005).Effective Succession Planning. AMACOM Div American Mgmt. pp.xviii. Hill, T. R. Westbrook (2010). "SWOT Analysis: Its Time for a Product Recall".Long Range Planning30(1): 4652. Koch, Adam (2000)."SWOT does not need to be recalled: It needs to be enhanced".Swineburne University of Technology. Fifer, R. M. (2010).Cost benchmarking functions in the value chain.Strategy Leadership, 17(3), 18-19. Robbins, S., Judge, T., Millett, B., Boyle, M. (2011). Organisational Behaviour. 6th ed. Pearson, French's Forest, NSW p315-317. Barnlund, D. C. (2008). A transactional model of communication. In. C. D. Mortensen (Eds.),Communication theory(2nd ed., pp47-57). Forster, Mark(2006-07-20).Do It Tomorrow and Other Secrets of Time Management. Hodder Stoughton Religious. p.224 Morgenstern, Julie (2004).Time Management from the Inside Out: The Foolproof System for Taking Control of Your Scheduleand Your Life(2nd ed.). New York: Henry Holt/Owl Books. p.285 Sandberg, Jared (2004-09-08)."To-Do Lists Can Take More Time Than Doing, But That Isn't the Point". The Wall Street Journal. a report on to-do lists and the people who make them and use them

Case Study Air Asia Essay Example

Case Study: Air Asia Essay Problem Statement AirAsias attempts to expend its service offering into long-haul flights and gaining additional recognition and market share is consistent with owner Tony Fernades company goal; however, the strategy changes required to be a successful long-haul airline significantly differ from and conflict with its current resource base (i. e. aircraft types, hubs, employee skills) and core competencies and capabilities (i. e. cost and efficiency optimization/utilization) as a low-cost carrier (LCC) airline. Analysis The airline industry as a whole is quite competitive with multiple players and arious elements effecting the industry environment. AirAsia has developed a specific set of resources and core competencies that it has exploited in order to become the leading short-haul LCC in South East Asia. AirAsias strategy employs cost and efficiency optimization by utilizing its key resources; thus, possessing capabilities necessary for success. AirAsias tangible resources, including its fleet and hubs, enhance the companys low cost capabilities. Due to AirAsias selectivity in the type/model of aircrafts it purchases, both cost and efficiency can be capitalized. By limiting the variability in ircrafts, AirAsia is able to obtain economies in purchasing, its pool for spare parts is narrowed, thus reducing costs; mechanics and pilots specialized knowledge of the planes increases allowing for greater efficiency and reduced cost in maintenance, repairs, and flying. Although this strategy is ideal for AirAsia as a short-haul LLC, it is not transferrable to long-haul flights. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study: Air Asia specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study: Air Asia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study: Air Asia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer By expanding into the long-haul market, AirAsia is required to increase its resource base adding newer, larger aircraft models in turn requiring expansion of spare parts, loss of purchasing economies (until sufficient rowth has been achieved), additional training and loss of specific specialized knowledge possessed by pilots and mechanics resulting in increased costs and reduced efficiencies. AirAsias expansion and growth has resulted in adding hubs in densely populated South East Aisan cities. However, as a cost savings measure AirAsia utilizes secondary airports resulting in a competitive advantage. This strategy is transferrable to long-haul flights; however, it is reasonable to presume (based on AirAisas proposed expansion plan on page 628) AirAisas long-haul flights will be equired to fly into larger international airports and lease terminals in order to accommodate customers needs, thus increasing costs. Additionally, further risk revolves around the fact that expansion into long-haul flights would result in a significant increase in competition with reputable and established global airlines. Furthermore, such expansion places AirAsia in direct competition with government backed Malaysian Airlines (pg. 27). Although the idea of expansion into long-haul international flights is appealing, the risks involved with intense industry competition s well as the unsustainable low cost strategies should be a deterrent to AirAsias long-haul expansion. Additional conflicts exist between LCC strategies and long-haul success factors. AirAisa has thrived as an LLC based on the reduction of extrenious costs, thus an elimination of frills or amenities. The no frills strategy is very sustainable for short-haul flights (under 3. 5 hours) because customers needs are service to the mix flyers leave very satisfied. However, on longer flights, lack of frills, amenities and comforts may result in flyers negative perception of the airline. Although a flyer may initially believe a low cost, long flight with no amenities is palatable, it is likely the flyer will end up dissatisfied with lack of options while in the air; again a low cost strategy that is unlikely to remain sustainable in the long-haul market. With AirAsias implementation of point-to-point flights, streamlined and simple operations, as well as its unprecedented turnaround time, in the regional market, aircraft utilization is at a high while costs remain low. However, AirAsia will not be able to utilize its point-to-point cost reduction and aircraft utilization strategy. Long-haul flights will require more time in the sky with flyer layovers and a less streamlined flight schedule. Short regional flights allow AirAsia to serve a greater number of flyers over a shorter period of time at a lesser cost (example: 2 or 3 short- haul flights in the time it takes a single long flight). Lastly, due to the highly competitive nature and over saturation of international airlines, AirAsia may not realize the same aircraft utilization in long-haul flights as it does with short flights. Regionally, South East Asia is densely populated with a large market segment onsisting of budget leisure and business travelers that had been under served prior to AirAsia (pg. 628). By implementing low cost strategies, AirAsia was able to capture and capitalize on the underutilized segment. Unfortunately, due to industry saturation in international long haul flights, AirAsia would have to fght to obtain a strong customer base from established airlines by providing actual or perceived value while trying to maintain cost and utilization optimization. Another issue AirAsia may face should it overly focus on airline expansion is the fact that barriers to entry n South East Asia are relatively low. The main barrier to entry is the capital investment required to acquire aircrafts. South East Asia has experienced government deregulation of airlines which aided AirAsias growth and may attract new entrants. Additionally, the LCC airline model is easily replicable; several reputable regional LCC airlines exist (i. e. , the USs Southwest and Europes Ryanair) in which AirAisa adopted and adapted strategies for its growth and success. Due to the ease of strategy replication, new entrants may emerge in the South East Asian short- haul market. Should new LCC airlines being to emerge in this region, AirAisa may experience a reduction in market share (reduced number of passengers) and fierce price competition where AirAisa cuts ticket prices resulting in reduced profit margin. Therefore, company growth based solely on expansion as a LLC airline may not be sustainable. Alternatives Due to AirAsias significant growth and excellent reputation as a result of branding strategies, several alternatives are available for AirAsia to consider. ) With Tony Fernandes experience in purchasing and revamping struggling airlines and the stablished capabilities the company possesses, AirAsia could expand itself by acquiring struggling regional airlines and restructuring them to meet the AirAsia standard of customer service, low costs, and high utilization. 2) Because of its location and access to smaller planes as well as its ability to work well with other companies, AirAsia could Joint venture with an international airline, such as Delta. This Joint venture could be along the lines of providing flights into and out of smaller AirAsia additional branding opportunities through allignment with such a prominent airline. It could also provide AirAsia with an additional customer base that it did not previously have. 3) AirAsias low costs and high aircraft utilization capabilities make it a good option for air cargo shipping. With its growth, AirAsia could expand its resources and enter into the air shipping market where it would likely turn a profit by exploiting its strong capabilities. ) AirAsia current provides inexpensive flights based on a no frills scheme. Should this scheme not interest flyers due to their need and expectation for amenities, AirAisa could consider partnering with large product ompanies such as Coke, Nestle, or Sony to provide food, beverage, or entertainment amenities to passengers. By partnering with large companies, AirAsia could use its planes as advertisements and the company could in turn provid e some of its products to AirAsia at a reduced cost. Recommendation Based on the analysis of AirAsias resources and capabilities with respect to its environment, I recommend the following: 1) AirAisa should discontinue further expansion into long-haul flights due to nontransferable resources and unsustainable low cost and high utilization capabilities. ) AirAsia should further exploit the dense population of budget travelers in South East Asia by expanding its low cost and high utilization capabilities into hotels, shuttles, rental cars, and excursion activities. Since the market AirAsia is catering to is mainly budget leisure travelers; it would be in AirAsias best interest to expand on its offering of services. Because customers perceive additional value in the whole package, hotels, shuttles rental cars and excursions are all compliments to flying. By expanding offerings while implementing ts capabilities and incorporating resources such as its technology system for booking trips and utilizing its partnerships, AirAsia is able to attract more flyers, travelers, and gain additional brand recognition. Based on this, for the next 5 years AirAsia should invest 5% of its yearly profits in service expansion by investing in budget, no frills hotels, rental cars/shuttles, and working deals with partners to provide local activity offerings (in 2012 AirAsias net profit was $562 US million. Should net profit stay the same, 5% over the course of 5 years would total $140. US million). 3) Also, as South East Asia becomes more developed and prosperous AirAsia should focus on providing additional value to business travelers and those budget travelers who desire a few extra accommodations. In order to grow and meet the demands of the customers, AirAsia should invest in some fleet upgrades to provide additional customer value. Over the next 10 years the company should invest 10% of its yearly profits (approx. $56 US million per year) in adding premium sections to the planes with seats at the front of the craft, providing USB ports in the arm rests, as well as roviding internet services; seat size and leg room will remain the same in order to accommodate the same number of passengers per flight. The cost of a premium seat will be only slightly higher for those individuals who choose to purchase the upgrade. Unlike long-haul strategies, the goal is not to significantly increase price to subsidize economy class tickets. The key in providing upgraded seats is to ensure customers feel as though they are receiving an extra value and to help retain customer base and market share as regional economics improve.

Writing a Sample of Mathematical Induction Essay

Writing a Sample of Mathematical Induction EssayIf you want to write a sample of mathematical induction essay, then this article will help you. As a student of mathematics and essay writing, I can tell you that there are many techniques that you can use to make your essay better than most other applicants. The most important thing is to understand the basic principles of mathematical induction.Mathematical induction is a process that involves creating a question in order to allow the reader to learn something about the topic. It will do this by establishing two points: The answer to the question and the relevance of the answer. The best way to explain how this works is to use an example. Let's assume that you are writing a sample of mathematical induction essay for the job of page editor at a math journal. How would you go about answering the question 'What is pi?'Before we can answer this question, there is a main problem that needs to be addressed. If you do not address this proble m, then you will have a difficult time explaining why it is necessary to have more than one point in your essay.Now, we need to discuss the most obvious point: The question itself. Your answer to the question will involve the answer to the question and the fact that the answer will be used in order to answer the question. In order to make sure that the answers to the question and the relevance of the answer are relevant, you will need to make sure that you have discussed it sufficiently in your essay.After you have addressed the main idea of the question, you will need to address some of the less-important details. We will start with the answer to the first question. You will need to show the reader the relevance of the answer by introducing the term 'pi' in the answer to the question. Your essay will need to make sure that you discuss the relevance of the answer in sufficient detail.The next point will involve the relevance of the answer by introducing the term 'depth'. This term i s designed to explain why the question must be asked in the first place. The point of asking the question is to show the readers that they are going to get a deeper understanding of the topic when they learn more about it.As a conclusion, you need to introduce the main idea by using the term 'invariance' to describe the relationship between the main concept and the side topic. In addition, it will help to make sure that you address the last point that concerns the relationship between the main concept and the side topic. In short, you will need to make sure that your essay does not contain any information that is not relevant to the main idea.Writing a sample of mathematical induction essay will take a little bit of work, but it is well worth it in the end. As you write, you will find that you gain a better understanding of how to use your subject matter in the best way possible.

A Successful Tourism Operation Management Tourism Essay Essay Example

A Successful Tourism Operation Management Tourism Essay Essay Example A Successful Tourism Operation Management Tourism Essay Essay A Successful Tourism Operation Management Tourism Essay Essay Traveling to go to in athletics or to watch featuring events is perennial. Equally early as 900 BC the Greeks were going to take portion in and watch the Ancient Greek Games ( Gibson, 1998 ) . Back to recent decennaries, even though there are many factors affect touristry growing, in most people s head, the most part comes from planetary events, particularly mega-sport events that, in peculiar, are considered to imply important benefits for the host state in footings of touristry reachings, both at the same time with the event and as a bequest of it ( Baade A ; Matheson, 2003 ; Baade A ; Matheson, 2004 ; Hagn A ; Maennig, 2009 ; Matheson A ; Baade, 2004 ; Preuss, 2004 ; Preuss, 2007a ; Preuss, 2007b ; Solberg A ; Preuss, 2006 ) . It can be apparent that in 2008 the universe s travel and touristry generated about US $ 5,890 billion of economic activity. With the part of travel A ; touristry to Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) expected to lift from 9.9 % in 2008 to 10.5 % by 2018, the following decennary will see touristry grosss transcending US $ 10,000 billion ( Bangkok, 2012 ) . And sport touristry, which is enormously affected by mega-sport event, is at the bosom of this growing and as the fastest turning sector in the planetary travel and touristry industry, accounted in 2008 for an amazing US $ 600 billion or +10 % of the international touristry market ( Bangkok, 2012 ) . As the hosting a mega-sport event, it make the host metropolis easy gain the market portion by set up a touristry finish image and besides heighten the finish trade name consciousness from hypertrophied market. Furthermore, the relevant touristry subdivision such as concern touristry besides gained immense donee after mega-sport event. Fo r illustration, Barcelona s convention agency concern increased by 129 % in the twelvemonth following the 1992 games, concern visit reachings to Australia increased by 78 % between 1993 and 1997 and by 17 % between 1997 and 2000 ( DCMS, 2006 ) . Therefore, historically, hosting a mega-sport event is viewed by the host metropolis as a stimulator of touristry and economic industries if the event is decently leveraged ( Karadakis, et al. , 2010 ) . In another word, the economic systems of metropoliss, parts and in the instance of pulling mega events such as the Olympic Games or the FIFA World Cup full states are progressively reliant on uniting event and touristry to leap get down economic and socio-economic alteration For case: the South African travel and touristry sector, of which athletics touristry is a subdivision, was set to lend 8.7 % to the gross domestic merchandise ( GDP ) in 2009 ( WTTC, 2009 ) . One possible ground should be the extent of event touristry, which consists of those tourers who are attracted to a state or part with the specific purpose of devouring event-specific goods ( Fourie A ; Spronk, 2011 ) . The success of hosting events of this nature has arguably assisted South Africa in constructing its touristry substructure and has helped construct its repute as an international tourer finish ( Rogerson A ; Visser, 2004 ) . And the event bequest has led the state s ability to export travel services sustainably, bettering the balance of payments, making occupations and hiking economic growing ( Fourie, 2011 ) . However, a batch of bookmans consider the impact of touristry of mega-events as holding been excessively optimistic ( Matheson, 2002 ; Matheson, 2006 ; Matheson A ; Baade, 2004 ; Preuss A ; Kurscheidt, 2009 ) . In peculiar, Maennig and co-authors ( Allmers A ; Maennig, 2009 ) found that, in connexion with the hosting of the 2006 FIFA World Cup by Germany, the visitant Numberss experienced at the clip appeared small different from normal touristry reachings, despite the 2006 World Cup being widely considered as one of the most successful World Cup events yet ( Fourie A ; Spronk, 2011 ) . And it may besides do tonss of negative impacts to the host such as fiscal disease, environment pollution. Even though mega-sport event merely last less than one month, its impacts on touristry are long-run and assorted. Therefore, the event organisers face the challenges that develop touristry at the pre-event phase, during event phase and post-event phase every bit good, and exploit assorted touristry markets such as athletics touristry, concern touristry in properly scheme through the event host. This research will concentrate three facets: selling scheme, finish service quality and sustainable development. Through selling scheme, the nexus is established between touristry and mega-sport event ; finish service provides choice circuits experience to visitants and sustainability form a standard of all strategic activities. Aim and aims The purpose of this survey is to carry on a strategic analysis of the touristry operation direction of mega-sport events. The stairss to accomplish the purpose are formulated into four aims: To demo an overview of impact of the mega-sport event on touristry. To look into selling scheme for a mega-sport event by analysing motive phase theoretical account that divide tourer market and set uping a nexus between event and touristry through selling mix. To look into finish service quality by analyzing the proficient quality such as adjustment, attractive forces and conveyance ; and functional quality such as voluntary and cab driver. To look into the bequest of mega-sport event by societal, environment and economic system facets and measure their impacts on sustainable development of touristry. Research principle Hosting a mega-sport event provides host metropolis an international market to advance itself with assorted supports such as fund and policy. The success of hosting these events will help host to better touristry substructure and assist construct its repute as an international tourer finish. However, as the purchase power and demands of tourer addition, the organisation still have infinite to develop their scheme to run into the demand and to maximise the gross. Equally good as the post-event period, there are tonss of challenges needed to get the better of such as low utilizing rate of locales while high maintain fee occurs. Harmonizing to Jeffrey ( 2010 ) , the host besides should see the negative impacts of hosting an event. Since an event takes topographic points in a societal and political environment, there ever will be some issues with citizens who are against this event like local citizens. Therefore, it is really of import to look at the long-run effects for the finish after the event takes topographic point. Major events are short-run events with long-run effects for the hosted ( Winter, 2010 ) . In order to minimise these effects, a successful touristry operation direction is necessary in order to develop a sustainable athletics touristry finish. The hosts should develop a finish that meets the demands of the present without compromising the ability of future coevalss to run into their ain demands. Organization of research The thesis is divided into five chapters. Following this debut, the topics of what would be a successful touristry operation direction of a mega-sport event are so reviewed with the penetration and restriction of literature in Chapter 2. Following the literature reappraisal, the factors of host s operation that influential to the touristry will be explored in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 covers the methodological analysis employed in this research subject, and the findings, analysis and rating will be presented in Chapter 4. Finally, the decision and recommendations are drawn in Chapter 5.

Aligning Business Strategies and Project Management

Aligning Business Strategies and Project Management Project management has become very important topic all over the world. Literature shows that more than 30 companies fail to accomplish its project with success due to misalignment between business strategies and project management. Many companies face this problem of missing link of business strategies and project management. Alignment is necessary for getting competitive advantage and goals of its business. Top management also play important role in alignment of business strategies and Project management. Keywords: Business strategies, project management, alignment, project portfolio management Introduction: Project management has become very important and also serves as core function in many organizations. Projects are any temporary activities that have starting and finish point, it has performance parameters. Projects face triple constrains (1) time (2) budget and (3) performance. It was assumed that for attainment of organizational goals one has to meet triple constraints of tim e, budget and performance. Project management plays a vital role in achieving organizational goals and considered as backbone of organization. Project management is knowledge that meets the requirements of projects. Project management plays important role in accomplishing strategies, business goals and desired outcomes. Organizations link their projects with business strategies to achieve the goals and objectives. Strategies are activities that guide and direct the use of the resources to accomplish the organization’s vision and goals and sustainable competitive advantage. Mostly these components comprising the strategies of the business like internal analysis, organizational structures, control systems have strong links to project management processes and activities. Project management includes project portfolio management (PPM). PPM is about how organizations controls its projects and align them with business strategies. Many organizations are working on numerous projects a nd they are conscious to get maximum return of their business. PPM also includes the maximization profit which is main objective of all organization. Basically projects are bases of any organization to build up business strategy and project management relation. When organizations link their projects to their business strategy, they are better able to accomplish their organizational goals. Companies should align their business strategy with the project management action to implement the strategies in the projects. Such alignments are difficult because the objectives of business strategy are sometime not clear and well-communicated with project management. Misalignment may cause an organization to missing goals, communication gap and missing link of business strategy and project management. The lack of alignment of business strategy to the project management leads to the project failure and has adverse effects on organization performance as well. . There is need of systemic approach t o align the projects with business strategy. So important in managerial challenges involved that aligning project management and business strategy and encouraging individuals to participate in using emerging strategies to create new ideas and renew existing strategies. Literature indicates that some factors that helps in creating link between business strategy and project management if there is any gap between the bridge of business strategy and project management that should be filled to achieve high returns and competitive advantages. As literature shows that SPL elements such as spirit, strategy, organization, tools and processes that elements should be align between business strategies and project management and in depth understanding of factors that are missing and relationship of these factors with business strategies and project management. Portfolio management play important role in project management and business strategy linking. Implementation of strategies with formulati on, receive less attention than formulation so there should be proper emphasis on the implementation as well as.

Consumer Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 5

Consumer Behaviour - Essay Example Risk taking being the major aspect in business, the trend of investing downtown for businesses that took the risk has actually guaranteed them their success. This success is also attributed to its ample parking space and accessible location (Schupp, 2005). Festival marketplaces’ main concern is their customers, so understanding consumer needs and behavior so as to coop with their ever changing trends is actually necessary. For this kind of business to be privileged in the human heart, then it has to consider the following factors: high quality goods and services and that’s what customers mainly go for, fairly priced goods and services, it should also offer a variety of goods and services so as to offer customers a wide collection to choose from. Festival marketplaces have actually succeeded in achieving most of this vital factor. However, understanding consumer behavior is a difficult task. I said difficult and not impossible. It has to start with market research. This will enable the marketplace to address issues from its consumers directly. Businesses must at all-time strive to be ‘human era’ oriented so as to win bias among the customers in the market. Festival marketplaces have wholly embraced the idea of openness, honesty, being empathetic and exciting. This is an exact illustration of a ‘human era’ oriented firm. This achievement has been through events like; monthly gift card drawing, holding free workshops and offering a ‘thank you’ to the community and its own staff (Blythe, 2008). Moreover, rising to levels that most festival marketplaces have managed to reach is a hectic transition that involves much hard work and devotion of its staff. However, there are easy procedures and strategies for getting to the top of your business line without necessarily having to wait for decades for the transition to occur. Business favors ‘smart’ people whose ideologies and actions are not limited or rather confined to a box. Festival

THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS - Essay Example Monopoly may have negative effects to the consumers and even to the economy of a given country. There have been controversies on monopolistic business practices especially on large companies that dominate the market such as Google Company. Owing to the negative impacts of monopolistic business practices, monopoly laws have undergone changes over the past years in the American constitution. The first monopoly law in the United States to be enacted was the Sherman antitrust act in 1890. The law was passed to help cub the sky rocketing prices that were being set by the monopolistic businesses (Washington State Office of The Attorney General, web). This was a reaction to the public outcry for measures to be put in place to control prices of services and goods. The congress enacted additional two antitrust laws in 1914, which were federal commission trade act and the Clayton antitrust act. The federal trade commission act gave the federal trade commission authority to enforce the antitrus t laws whereas the Clayton antitrust act was meant to strengthen the antitrust laws. The Clayton act undergone several amendments. The Robinson pitman act of 1936 was the first amendment that introduced the ban to certain business disciplinatory conduct. The Hart Scot Rodin act 1976 was another amendment that required businesses merging to notify the federal government (Washington State Office of The Attorney General, web). Moreover, most states have enacted various antitrust laws over the past years. Google is a company that has been in the technology market for quite some time now being one of the most reliable in providing services in the information technology. Google offers a variety of services and products to its customers and has been improving over the past years posing a threat to other similar businesses in the market. Google as a company has its operations across the globe and most people are happy with the kind of services offered by the company. Google dominates the se arch engine market in the united state by 67% and above 90% in the United Kingdom. With such an enormous market dominance, comes great responsibilities which when not properly taken care of, the company may be accused of monopoly. Over the past few years, there have been controversies that the company is engaging in monopolistic business practices while going about their business. Arguably, this will only depend on an individual’s perspective on monopolistic business practices and state laws on monopoly. In my opinion, Google Company is not a monopoly the reason being it has competitors in the market and it is the responsibility of a company to satisfy the needs of its customers. For instance, personally I prefer Google search engine to others because it is fast and effective in retrieving the information required. The fact that a customer opt for Google to provide services does not necessary implies that the company restricts trade. The argument is rather simple; it is becau se of certain interests the consumers prefer one service provider to others. It is upon the competitors to up their game in the market to cope with the dynamic and competitive nature of today’s market in the information technology. In addition, this is the era of information technology overload and it is not wrong for a customer to prefer a specific option (Ferenstein, web). A business can